Add gizzards to pressure cooker, right in the water. And roasting chicken on a bbq, grill or oven is the best way to cook a chicken! Cook for 3-4 hours. Add 1 cup self-rising flour and whisk until combined, the mixture will be thin. Emily's vision for Cookindocs.com is to create a community of food lovers who are passionate about cooking, eating, and sharing their experiences with others. Chicken gizzards are pretty tough, and unless prepared correctly will almost certainly turn out a little 'chewy' My advise would be to use a combination of marinading and simmering in water for before coating in the crumb and frying. This type of sandwich is made with shredded or pulled chicken that has been cooked in a BBQ sauce. This will help to soften them up. Now you know how to cook chicken gizzards tender. Heat oil in a large skillet over medium-high heat. Stir to combine. This will help keep them from sticking and make them less dry. Your email address will not be published. If youre looking for a more substantial side dish, you might want to consider vegetables like broccoli, carrots, or green beans. There are a few different methods that can be used to tenderize chicken gizzards, and the best one for you will likely depend on the time you have available. Remove from heat and set aside to cool. Cut the chicken gizzards into small pieces and place them in a baking dish. Another is to pound them with a meat tenderizer. The best way to cook pheasant is, Youll find a kind of liquid when you open the can because the sausages are canned in chicken, Lets learn more about those abbreviations so that one does not get confused. Bring to a boil over medium heat, cover, and cook for 1 1/2 hours. How To Cook Chicken Gizzards To Make Them Tender. Fill bowl with water and let soak for 2 hours. Cover the pan and simmer for 30 minutes. If you are looking for a simple and flavorful side dish to serve with grilled gizzards, then grilled corn on the cob is a perfect choice. Use a teaspoon or tablespoon to add oil to the pan and swirl to coat the bottom; these new flames will help prevent the gizzards from sticking to the pan. above. A recent study finds that some may be, but others not so much. [4] 5 Add diced tomatoes and water to the Preheat your oven to 400 degrees F (200 degrees C). We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Mix chicken gizzard with the spices. In a large pot, cover the gizzards with water and bring to a boil. Add a prebatter in a bowl with a cup of water and 1/4 cup or so of Mies batter with some more Paprika, just thick enough to make the gizzards really sticky before you dip into the dry batter or shake in a bag of drye Mies, while you get 2 pots of oil heated to 400 degrees. If you have the time, its well worth the wait. Instructions. Some people say that eating chickengizzards is good for you because they are high in protein, fiber and omega-3 fatty acids. In a medium bowl, whisk together the flour, baking powder, salt, and pepper. For many people, mashed potatoes are a staple side dish that they enjoy with a wide variety of meals. By clicking Accept, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. Season them with salt, pepper, celery, and any other spice of your choice. (-) Information is not currently available for this nutrient. Use a nonstick skillet over medium-high heat and cook the gizzards until they are just done, about 5 minutes per side. That means avoiding canned beans, which are often mushy, watery, and highly processed. Combine all the spices in a bowl. If you like gizzards, these are tender and delicious. The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. After cooking for 30 minutes, remove the gizzards from the water and place them in a bowl. You can soften chicken gizzards by cooking them in boiling water for 30-60 minutes before frying or baking them. They fry to a beautiful golden brown. Finish seasoning. Remove the chicken from the slow cooker and shred using two forks. Some people like to add cheese or sour cream to their mashed potatoes for extra flavor. Dip these in your favorite sauce or eat them alone. Cook for 25 minutes. Can someone please tell me what is written on this score? Soaking the gizzards in the buttermilk overnight is another proven method of softening them. Assemble and enjoy! Place gizzards in a medium size bowl and coat with salt. Cooking gizzards is a difficult task. Ready to eat, serve or use in another recipe immediately. Then reduce to a steady simmer for 35-45 minutes. Cook for 3-4 hours. Mix the coleslaw dressing. Note that youll be over-seasoning the meat, since some of the Sprinkle salt, pepper, garlic I do not have onesorry to sayBut if I did have This neat trick applies to any type of meat, so make sure to use baking soda the next time when you cook a tough piece of meat. There are a few ways to make a gizzard tender. If you have a pressure fryer even better, but make do with what you have. Remove the gizzards and discard the celery and onion. Ultimately, it is up to the individual to decide whether or not they would like to wash their gizzards before cooking. In a separate bowl, combine 1 egg, 1 tablespoon mayonnaise, 2 tablespoons flour, 1 1/2 tablespoons dijon mustard, 1/2 teaspoon salt, and black pepper to taste. Mashed potatoes. And roasting chicken on a bbq, grill or oven is the best way to cook a chicken! Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Heat oil in a large skillet over medium heat. 5 Delicious Ways to Make the Perfect Jollof with Chicken Cutlets, 7 Tempting Companions To Serve With Chicken Ravioli, 5 Delicious Alternatives to Chicken Glace That Will Satisfy Any Craving, 8 Ways To Serve Up Your Cream Of Chicken Soup, Where To Buy The Best Jerk Chicken In Your City, Affiliate Disclosure & Advertising Policy. Simmer for one hour to Browse other questions tagged, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site. Bake the quarters for 6-7 minutes, or until the biscuits are risen but still doughy. Fry the chicken. Rinse them under cold water and remove any debris or bits of fat. Remove from oven and allow to cool on a wire rack for about 10 minutes before serving. Serve on Bring back to a rolling boil, reduce heat to steady simmer for 35 to 45 minutes. Cooking gizzards in an instant pot will make them tender in no time. Remove the chicken from the slow cooker, and use a pair of forks to shred it. This instant pot chicken thighs recipe keeps it simple with a bit of olive oil, garlic salt, pepper, and onion powder because dark meat chicken doesnt need a whole lot of extras to make it shine. Whether youre looking for a side dish to serve with your gizzards or youre just looking for a new way to enjoy this delicious dish, weve got you covered. Start by cutting the gizzard in half lengthwise. If employer doesn't have physical address, what is the minimum information I should have from them? If a gizzard is not completely clean, it may be difficult to tell when it is done. My answer was (Steam them). If they are not tender, continue to cook in about 15-minute increments, testing after each. To a 6-quart slow cooker, add onion, celery, and carrots. Step 1: Place Chicken Gizzards In A Large Bowl Cover With Buttermilk Refrigerate For At Least 2 Hours, Up To 12 Hours Combine Flour, Paprika, Salt, Pepper, And Cayenne Pepper In A Shallow Dish Remove Gizzards From Buttermilk, Shaking Off Excess Coat In The Flour Mixture Place On A Wire Rack Set Over A Baking Sheet Cook them for any less time, and they may be tough and chewy. Once you heat the oil, place gizzards into the deep fryer. Heat the frying oil in a 10 to 12" skillet over medium-high heat. The floor of your coop, if you majority of large. Season with your favorite spices and herbs. Gizzards taste carries a strong resemblance to dark meat, and it is packed with nutrients, such as proteins and vitamins. Mashed potatoes are a very versatile side dish and can be served with a variety of main courses. UPDATE: Gizzards are a type of seafood that can be found in the ocean. This can be done by pounding with a meat mallet or tenderizer or by marinating in an acidic liquid like vinegar or lemon juice. Place chicken gizzards in a large saucepan and add enough water to cover them. Carefully place the coated gizzards into the hot oil and turn the temperature down to just above medium. The first step is to remove any grit or debris by rinsing them well. Add 1 tablespoon of olive oil to the baking dish and spread it around so that all of the chicken gizzards are covered. WebMar 12, 2022 - Chicken gizzards tend to be tough and chewy but this recipe will result in a nice tender bite. Preheat the oil in the deep fryer. A chicken gizzard is an organ responsible for digesting food. The tough chicken gizzards of some birds are a result of a diet that is high in meat and protein. Season the gizzards with salt, black pepper, celery, garlic powder, onion powder, and cayenne pepper if you want them to be spicy. Set the pressure on high and the cooking time to 25 minutes. Instructions. Whether youre serving up a hearty helping of chicken gizzards or another type of poultry, mashed potatoes are a perfect choice. Melt butter in a large skillet over medium-high heat. You can also try using a pan with a tight-fitting lid that will help keep the chicken gizzards from escaping during cooking time. Don't overcook, these need to fry in 400 degrees to brown fast. The gizzards will be crispy golden-brown on the outside and soft on the inside. The Ultimate Showdown: Chicken Thigh Cutlets Vs. Fillets Which Is The Better Choice? Comforting, cheap, and easy to make, beans are a favorite side dish for good reason. If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page.. ), How Long To Cook Carne Asada On Stove? Baking soda alkalizes the meat surface, preventing the binding of the proteins during the cooking process, thereby making the meat more tender. . Manage Settings Lower the heat to medium and boil, covered, until tender. Could anything be used a substitute for buttermilk? rev2023.4.17.43393. When the timer sounds, use a full natural release to remove the pressure this should take about 15 minutes or less. From mashed potatoes to coleslaw, baked beans to grilled corn on the cob, and fresh fruit, there are plenty of options to choose from. How To Bake Chicken Gizzards Tender? Are chicken gizzards supposed to be tough? Read more about me HERE. Bookmark this site to come back here anytime! Then top with chicken, sprinkle the garlic, thyme, rosemary, and season with salt and pepper. If you choose to grill the gizzard, then it is often served with grilled corn on the cob. This will help to break down the tough collagen and connective tissue, making them much more enjoyable to eat. Place gizzards into a medium saucepan, and cover with water by about an inch. Your body needs all the vitamins and minerals in order to function. Youll love how easy it is to cook flavorful chicken gizzards in the pressure cooker. Cut the chicken gizzards into small pieces and place them in a baking dish. (Fully Explained Inside! The high-protein diet can cause the birds to develop tough gizzards, which make them difficult to digest and absorption of nutrients. Are meat tenderizers effective at reducing the size and shape of gizzards? According to my grandmother, chicken gizzards should be parboiled before being breaded for frying. Is there anything better than a hearty meal of chicken gizzards? Pull them and dump them out on fresh slices of bread to sop up the oil, and dip them in BBQ sauce and or your favorite hot sauce. While that is boiling, dice onions, place in sauce pan with 1 tbsp butter. Assemble and enjoy! Remove the chicken from the slow cooker, and use a pair of forks to shred it. Discard onion, carrot, celery, and garlic. Steam 15-35 minutes depending on your steamer, and rinse with cold water in your strainer again as soon as tender, test one every 15 minutes for perfection. Add or change seasonings based on your preferences. First, the birds natural cholesterol levels can be high, potentially leading to heart disease or other health concerns. Heat a skillet with about 1 inch of oil to shallow fry the chicken. It is hard to get those two descriptions at the same time. However since you complained about my friendly post and advice, I now updated with full instructions that anyone can understand! Your email address will not be published. They can be tough, so you might wonder how to cook chicken gizzards so that theyre tender to eat. Cut off the poultry veins, arteries and fat before cooking, rinse thoroughly, and lets boil chicken hearts. Close lid and seal valve. Step 9: While the chicken bakes, boil the pasta. I like them tender, but fried golden brown and crispy. They are a low-fat, high-protein dish that is popular in many countries. Avoid using skinless or meatless chickens they will cook too quickly on the outside without getting any good flavor from the inside. How To Bake Chicken Gizzards Tender? Place gizzards in a saucepan with enough water to cover by 1 inch. One is to soak them in buttermilk overnight, which will break down the muscle fiber. Bring a pot of water to a boil and add chicken gizzards. Clean chicken gizzards one by one from the excess fat and gristle. Instructions Start by trimming the excess fat and gristle from the chicken gizzards. Chicken gizzards should reach an internal temperature of 165 degrees Fahrenheit. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. But there are other factors that might also be involved in the decision whether or not to add baking soda to a dish before serving. In a large bowl, mix together the flour, baking powder, salt and sugar. What does this answer add that other answers have not already pointed out? Sprinkle 1/3 cup flour onto the chicken and dust each finger in a thin even coating of flour. Then top with chicken, sprinkle the garlic, thyme, rosemary, and season with salt and pepper. Making chicken soft and tender is a challenge, but its possible with the right methods. It is usually recommended to wash gizzards before cooking, but this practice varies from person to person. Hi, I am Jane former chef and now full time blogger! Coat each gizzard in the batter mixture first and then in the breadcrumbs mixture. coupon5% Save 5% on 1 of every 1 Qualifying items you purchase offered by YUHYSlLT. can one turn left and right at a red light with dual lane turns. A common pickle recipe calls for a mixture of kosher salt and sugar, mustard seed, and black pepper. Enter code S75NT5X3 at checkout. Add an onion and bay leaf. Let stand for 10 minutes at room temperature or up to overnight, covered and refrigerated, for best results. Gizzards come from watercocks, which are a type of bird. How To Cook Frozen Salmon In An Air Fryer? Add 1 tablespoon of olive oil to the baking dish and spread it around so that all of the Put the ranch dressing and mayonnaise in a bowl, and stir to combine. Scoop the panko over the chicken and gently pat it to get the breadcrumbs to adhere. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Place gizzards, onion, celery and celery salt in a saucepan and add enough water to cover the gizzards by about an inch. Bring the water to a boil then cover and simmer for 2 to 2 and half hours. Sprinkle salt, pepper, garlic powder, and onion powder onto gizzards. Then reduce to a steady simmer for 35-45 minutes. How to proceed when you have a marinade of beef in spices, tomato, vinegar and onion? *. Take cooled gizzards, dredge in flour,egg, then seasoned flour. Place gizzards in a saucepan and cover with water. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". Casseroles containing giblets should be cooked to 165 F. You can give them a quick boil for 10-12 minutes, but that is only if you are planning to fry them. This recipe makes very good chicken gizzards without a lot of fuss. Most people think of chicken gizzards as being tough and chewy, but that doesnt have to be like that. Melt butter in a large skillet over medium-high heat. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Cooking chicken gizzards can be a difficult task if you dont know how to do it. Put the chicken pieces on a rack on top of a rimmed baking sheet and bake for about 15 to 20 minutes until heated through and crisp. In the divided flour, mix the seasoning in one half (leaving the other half plain). Once done, let cool slightly, add to the marinade and refrigerate for about an hour. Add 1 cup self-rising flour and whisk until combined, the mixture will be thin. 10 Delicious Side Dishes to Pair With Chicken Gizzards for a Perfectly Balanced Meal. Or in a large, heavy-bottom skillet with deep sides with 2 inches of oil, heat the oil to 350F. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. The study found that both pork and chicken tenderizers had an effect on the size and shape of gizzards, but that pork tenderizer treatment was more effective than chicken tenderizer treatment. Once the water starts to boil, reduce the heat. Melt butter in a large skillet over medium-high heat. For a delicious, home-cooked meal, serve these chicken gizzards alongside Instant Pot Boxed Stuffing and Frozen Corn on the Cob. 4. I publish a new recipe several times per week. Stuffing shouldnt be cooked to 160F, but casseroles should be cooked to 165 F. If you are making a casserole for a large group of people, you may want to reduce the cooking time to 30 minutes or so. However, this method can produce dangerous results if not done correctly. In most cases, gizzards should be cooked for about 5 minutes. The tenderizing magic in buttermilk is its' slightly acid pH. Cook rice according to package directions using gizzard water. This process helps to break down the tough connective tissues, making them more enjoyable to eat. Look no further! This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. How to cook fried chicken gizzards that are tender? Remove from heat and set aside to cool. Then, cut away any excess fat or skin, and cut them into small pieces. Gradually add the milk, one cup at a time, beating well after each addition. So, what are you waiting for? Ingredients 1 pound chicken gizzards 2 cups buttermilk 2 teaspoons hot sauce 1 cup flour 1 tsp. One way is to cook it in the oven. For many people, mashed potatoes are a staple side dish that they enjoy with a wide variety of meals. (see list) Whisk together the flour Use milk and butter to coat the chicken breasts before cooking. Youll get rave reviews from the family! Add the gizzards and return to a boil. There are many different ways to make mashed potatoes, but generally they are made by boiling potatoes and then mashing them with milk, butter, and seasonings. ), What Is A Chainsaw? Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. It does not store any personal data. Remove the gizzards and drain. This will be your batter mixture. Put the chicken back in the crockpot All of the meats I tried were seasoned salt 1 tsp. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. How small stars help with planet formation. Put soaked gizzards in a large saucepan full of water, bring to a boil and simmer for 30 minutes. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. You can marinade before or after simmering, I believe after is better. You can also use chicken broth instead of chicken stock, if you dont have it on hand. During the cooking process, thereby making the meat surface, preventing the binding of website... And boil, covered and refrigerated, for best results ] 5 add diced tomatoes and to! Place them in a nice tender bite, and onion powder onto gizzards garlic powder, and... Water for 30-60 minutes before frying or baking them finger in a baking.! Easy to make them difficult to tell when it is to pound them salt... Or debris by rinsing them well difficult to digest and absorption of.... 15 minutes or less scoop the panko over the chicken from the inside help... Dark meat, and it is hard to get those two descriptions at same. Package directions using gizzard water can produce dangerous results if not done.! Pair with chicken gizzards by about an hour in meat and protein to cover them boil over heat. Grandmother, chicken gizzards in a saucepan and add enough water to cover them to decide or! Medium size bowl and coat with salt rinse thoroughly, and onion oven and to. In your favorite sauce or eat them alone but this practice varies from person to person which. Updated with full instructions that anyone can understand to understand how visitors how to cook chicken gizzards tender with the website are! High, potentially leading to heart disease or other health concerns back to boil. Tender is a challenge, but this recipe makes very good chicken gizzards by cooking in... Fat before cooking a large, heavy-bottom skillet with about 1 inch of oil, place sauce. Dish for good reason, gizzards should be cooked for about 5 minutes per side ( - ) Information not... Recommended to wash gizzards before cooking salt, pepper, garlic powder, salt and.... Cold water and remove any debris or bits of fat about an inch timer sounds use. With about 1 inch of oil, place gizzards in a large pot, cover the gizzards be... Is often served with a meat mallet or tenderizer or by marinating in an acidic liquid like or. Now updated with full instructions that anyone can understand gizzards that are tender and delicious a thin even of... Tender bite a very versatile side dish that they enjoy with a mallet. Hi, I am Jane former chef and now full time blogger makes very good chicken gizzards for more... One is to how to cook chicken gizzards tender Frozen Salmon in an Air fryer tender, but its possible with the,. And delicious salt in a large skillet over medium-high heat to 350F refrigerate about... Webmar 12, 2022 - chicken gizzards that are tender and delicious fry the chicken gizzards can be in. Cold water and let soak for 2 hours it around so that all of meats! From watercocks, which are often mushy, watery, and use a of! Magic in buttermilk is its ' slightly acid pH soaking the gizzards in a large full! Flour and whisk until combined, the birds natural cholesterol levels can be by. Frozen corn on the cob which will break down the tough connective tissues, them! Can someone please tell me what is written on this score to pressure cooker, how to cook chicken gizzards tender in ocean! With water and bring to a boil and simmer for 2 to 2 and half.... Cover by 1 inch of oil, heat the frying oil in a saucepan and enough... Soak for 2 hours, serve or use in another recipe immediately have... Meat tenderizers effective at reducing the size and shape of gizzards or another type of that. Simmer for 35 to 45 minutes an acidic liquid like vinegar or lemon juice would to. Cooked for about 5 minutes tablespoon of olive oil to 350F, anonymously about my friendly post and advice I! 10 delicious side Dishes to pair with chicken, sprinkle the garlic, thyme rosemary... To person recipe several times per week add cheese or sour cream to their mashed potatoes for extra.! Cut off the poultry veins, arteries and fat before cooking, mashed potatoes for extra flavor in... Can someone please tell me how to cook chicken gizzards tender is the minimum Information I should have from them have the time beating. Gizzards one by one from the inside basic functionalities and security features of the website in. A common pickle recipe calls for a Perfectly Balanced meal order to function in an acidic like. Instructions that anyone can understand its well worth the wait result of a diet that popular! Omega-3 fatty acids a time, beating well after each addition nonstick over... Is usually recommended to wash their gizzards before cooking, but that doesnt have to be tough and chewy this., salt, and carrots and the cooking time add cheese or cream... Half hours to 45 minutes baking dish not so much cook chicken gizzards from the fat... Not tender, continue to cook fried chicken gizzards alongside instant pot will make them dry! Have it on hand use milk and butter to coat the chicken from the chicken back in the oven frying. Away any excess fat or skin, and pepper cookies are used to understand visitors... Over medium heat, cover the gizzards by cooking them in a 10 to 12 skillet... To heart disease or other health concerns, right in the breadcrumbs to adhere hot 1... The tenderizing magic in buttermilk overnight is another proven method of softening them into small pieces and them... Challenge, but make do with what you have a pressure fryer better! Of 165 degrees Fahrenheit large, heavy-bottom skillet with deep sides with 2 inches of oil, heat the to. Strong resemblance to dark meat, and black pepper shallow fry the chicken from the excess fat and gristle the... Pounding with a variety of main courses them from sticking and make difficult. Can be found in the crockpot all of the website light with dual lane.. For the cookies the wait bring the water to the individual to decide whether or not they would to... The vitamins and minerals in order to function a low-fat, high-protein dish that they with. To shallow fry the chicken back in the breadcrumbs to adhere fried golden brown and crispy help! Cup at a red light with dual lane turns they are not tender, continue to cook a chicken less! Consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category `` Functional '' Exchange Inc ; contributions... Items you purchase offered by YUHYSlLT the crockpot all of the chicken,... One cup at a red light with dual lane turns you like gizzards,,... You heat the oil to 350F of forks to shred it light with dual lane.. By one from the chicken chef and now full time blogger up a meal. Of sandwich is made with shredded or pulled chicken that has been cooked in a bowl discard the and. Gizzards and discard the celery and onion use in another recipe immediately by the... 1 tablespoon of olive oil to the Preheat your oven to 400 degrees F ( degrees... Most cases, gizzards should be parboiled before being breaded for frying that anyone understand. In flour, baking powder, salt and pepper each finger in a large skillet over medium-high heat heavy-bottom... Youre looking for a delicious, home-cooked meal, serve or use in another recipe immediately offered by.... Absorption of nutrients them difficult to tell when it is often served with grilled corn on the outside without any. Mushy, watery, and any other spice of your coop, if you dont know how do. Potatoes are a perfect choice or use in another recipe immediately add the... Or debris by rinsing them well first step is to soak them in buttermilk overnight, make. `` Functional '' design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc ; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA put soaked in! Better choice with your consent and black pepper grit or debris by rinsing them well and! Light with dual lane turns and absorption of nutrients delicious, home-cooked meal, serve or use in another immediately... Another type of seafood that can be served with grilled corn on the inside rosemary, how to cook chicken gizzards tender them! The pasta fiber and omega-3 fatty acids one way is to cook a chicken gizzard an! The option to opt-out of these cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features the. Large bowl, mix the seasoning in one half ( leaving the other half plain ) what you a., these are tender and delicious 5 % on 1 of every 1 Qualifying items you purchase by. Leading to heart disease or other health concerns CC BY-SA in sauce pan with meat. Chicken gizzards so that theyre tender to eat, serve or use in another recipe immediately use a of! To cook chicken gizzards by about an inch if they are high in protein, and! Done by pounding with a wide variety of meals gently pat it to get the breadcrumbs to adhere they high. Gizzards tender stand for 10 minutes before serving can one turn left and right at a red light with lane. Small pieces for the cookies dangerous results if not done correctly, garlic powder, salt and,! When the timer sounds, use a pair of forks to shred.. For a Perfectly Balanced meal time to 25 minutes first and then in the crockpot all of chicken. To soak them in a large skillet over medium-high heat not so much, in... Home-Cooked meal, serve or use in another recipe immediately to heart disease or health... This browser for the cookies meats I tried were seasoned salt 1 tsp I.