Management: Warrior II should be grazed when 4-5 inches in height or harvested for hay prior to late heading to maximize protein and relative feed value. 2 0 obj Whether to ask a question or make a purchase, we strive to help. Justus was selected for high tolerance to the stem rust pathogen and has produced better animal performance than other varieties in grazing trials. Timothy is popular in the northern half of Pennsylvania and most of New York State because of its natural adaptation to moist, cool environments. Buy Now Specifications Seeding Rate 10-15lbs/acre Seeds Per Pound 654,000 Downloads F-53 HLR Orchardgrass A pasture mixture that has performed well in Pennsylvania is 8 lb of Kentucky bluegrass plus 4 lb each of smooth bromegrass and timothy and 1 lb of white clover. When using the heavier rates of N, apply 65 to 70 percent of the N with the winter application. *Mar-Sep most items are in stock for same day pickup, however please call ahead to assure we have what you need. Latar Orchardgrass is an excellent choice for . Orchardgrass is a bunch type grass which establishes rapidly and is suitable for pasture, hay, or silage. If timothy is seeded with a legume, eliminate nitrogen (N) application at seeding. By taking bare soil into the Winter months, you are all set to broadcast 5-10#s (5-6 for bedding, 8-10#s for screening), onto the frozen ground in January or February. Late summer seedings, however, have been most successful in Pennsylvania. Several research studies have demonstrated higher animal intake and better animal performance from orchardgrass pasture as compared with tall fescue pasture, especially during spring and early summer. It is a cool-season, perennial bunching grass. Copyright, USU Library - 3000 Old Main Hill - Logan UT 84322 - 435.797.0816. suggest a late heading orchard grass as the grass component and a long-lived legume like White Clover and your mix is actually ready. Orchardgrass does not exhibit as much tolerance to drought or winter hardiness as tall fescue and bromegrass. Orchardgrass will respond to good fertility and management practices by producing 2-1/2 to 4 tons of high quality forage per acre. The goal is to take first cutting when alfalfa is at the late-bud stage and orchardgrass is at the boot stage. Orchardgrass performs best in a pH range of 5.8-7.0. Late winter or early spring N applications onto fields testing very high in potassium or fields that have received high rates of . Leaves are broadly tapered to a point and the base is v-shaped. 0000002011 00000 n Orchardgrass varieties are tested in either an early or late harvesting system. This conversion phase is termed the transition phase. Other seeding methods can be used, but chances of obtaining thick stands and vigorous growth in the seeding year are reduced. It is similar in maturity date to currently grown cultivars. It is one of the most productive cool-season grasses, tolerant to shade, fairly drought resistant with moderate winter hardiness. Spreading of the lemma and palea follows sudden swelling of spongy cells (lodicules) in the base of the floret. The percent Pure Live Seed (PLS) is determined by multiplying percent purity times percent germination divided by 100. It is found in disturbed areas, savannas, woodland borders, orchards, pastures, thickets, and fence rows. Range and erosion control seedings should be made in the late fall or very early spring. The best way Find more gardening information on Gardening Know How: Keep up to date with all that's happening in and around the garden. Orchardgrass does not grow well in saline soils and areas with high water tables. We use Old Dominion or UPS for all deliveries. Hallmark produces forage yields equal to or slightly above most other adapted varieties and persists fairly well in most areas of the state (Table 2). The legume seed should be allowed to drop straight to the ground to prevent covering too deep. 0000012823 00000 n It germinates early in the season and achieves the bulk of its growth in the cooler season. (Read more). So, now that we have a hay field, each time it gets cut, and I think it is being scalped, (Grrrrr) we are losing part of . Forage Information System If used for range and erosion control, seedings should be made in the late fall or very early spring. Companion legumes will require lime applications to be worked into the soil at least six months preceding planting. Tillers are new grass shoots, made up of successive segments called phytomers, which are composed of a growing point (apical meristem which may turn into a seed head), a stem, leaves, roots nodes, and latent buds; all of which can rise from crown tissue . ]TP, TB_ m!@r. Roll or cultipack after seeding with grain drills not equipped with press wheels or after broadcast seeding. Delay in harvest will reduce forage quality significantly. Department of Crop and Soil Science Toll Free: 1-800-910-4101 to place an order. For quantities over 500 lbs. long with two to five flowered spikelets in dense side clusters. This is especially true when preparing soils with high lime requirements or when alfalfa will be in the forage mixture. Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) is a perennial, cool-season, tall-growing, grass which does not have rhizomes or stolons (bunch-type grass). The leaves are a characteristic blue-green color, and the seedhead is easy to distinguish from other grasses. Late heading orchard grass, white and red clover as well as birdsfoot trefoil were chosen. Late August to early September are considered best fall seeding dates in most of the state, with mid-September seedings satisfactory in the extreme southern areas. A small grain and field pea companion crop may provide too much competition when establishing an alfalfa-timothy mixture. The best and most practical means of controlling diseases, hence improving animal performance and stand persistence, is to plant varieties that are resistant or highly tolerant to foliar diseases. The shift in maturity rating for Profit brings up an important point. For increased palatability, cut at the heading out stage. Description. In the absence of a soil test, assuming a medium-fertility soil, plow down 0-45-135 lb per acre and apply 20-20-20 lb per acre at seeding (banded if possible). Each of these grasses, except wild fescue, is characterized by a vigorous, invasive growth habit under . Most of the late maturing varieties of orchardgrass originate in Europe, and Athos is . stream xZMs8b$r$:L9lM JX)H;)|h~hb_{:=9_5l;]ix3c$$S6ddOOW5`Ep? However, fescue is of higher quality in fall, especially after frost. Stem rust, leaf spots, brown stripe and scald are among the most prevalent in Missouri and surrounding states. Mixtures of orchardgrass with alfalfa or red clover should be managed to favor the legume. Echelon exhibits excellent winterhardiness and moderate drought tolerance. Seed at the rate of 8 to 12 lb per acre. Latar continues to thrive as an excellent late maturing, hay-type forage production orchard grass. ATHOS is one of the latest maturing varieties available on the market, with a heading date usually one week later than Pennlate. There is increased risk of winter injury with summer seedings made after mid-August. The principal perennial grassy weeds in lawns include Bermudagrass ( Cynodon dactylon ), nimblewill ( Muhlenbergia schreberi ), quackgrass ( Elymus repens ), wild fescue ( Festuca pratensis ), and in certain cases, zoysiagrass ( Zoysia spp.). This keeps the orchard grass far longer in a vegetative state. In the absence of a soil test, 80 to 120 pounds N plus 40 to 60 pounds P2O5 plus 100 to 140 pounds K2O should be used. Three years of grazing studies have documented that rust-infected orchardgrass varieties gave 0.2 to 0.3 pounds per day less average daily gains than varieties having little or no infection. It produced high dry matter in both Tennessee and Kentucky and higher seed yields than 'Potomac' when grown in Oregon. Cut rates by 5-10 lbs per acre if in mixes. If you leave it, it will spread (by seed). Its energy storage pattern makes it a better hay crop than a pasture species. No vegetative spread has been observed. Some late-heading varieties develop seed stems more than two weeks later. Use with legumes with adaptive maturities. This grass is an excellent choice for grazing or hay applications. Finally, association analysis of OP2 heading dates and the half-sib progeny trait means onto OP2 population genotypes supported the significant markers found when measuring the OP2 traits and further selected ideal plants of the OP2 population to continue for further breeding. Stands become clumpy with age and have a short life (usually less than five years). When grown under irrigation or in more moist situations, it attains a height of 24-28 inches. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. Its sensitivity to high temperatures has limited its productivity in southern Pennsylvania. Heavy grazing during October can lead to depleted root reserves and increased winter injury. 0000066017 00000 n If planted alone, the grass is harvested early in the season, but when combined with legumes, it is harvested when the legume is in late bud to early bloom for the most nutritious hay or silage. Due to deep roots, it also is capable of strong summer growth when conditions are favorable. Grass stands harvested at the boot stage (before seedhead emergence) will have increased yield over vegetative stands, but the quality is lower. 0000016814 00000 n Orchard Grass Pennlate 50lb Late heading, high yield grass. Much of this is unseen until the emergence of the seedhead from the sheath of the flag leaf (boot stage). This committee is comprised of seed company and university representatives who have collected seed for a number of varieties of orchardgrass, tall fescue, timothy, Kentucky bluegrass, smooth bromegrass, and annual and perennial ryegrass. Orchard grass is sensitive to nutrient deficiencies, especially nitrogen. The intermediate to late heading varieties in HLR are ideal ADAPTATION - CLIMATE HLR Orchardgrass is ideally suited to the northern and central regions of the United States. The late-heading Baraula is so far the clear winner at my farm. There are a wide variety of orchardgrass growing conditions suitable for this tolerant plant. %PDF-1.5 The rapid decline in palatability and quality as orchardgrass matures is the major deterrent to its use. 0000010331 00000 n Rolling after seeding ensures even germination and emergence. . Within a few days, individual florets within the seedhead are ready for either self-pollination or cross pollination depending on the species. NSC has always ranged from 8.1% to 9%. Orchardgrass is usually easy to establish in either early spring or late summer. It is also well adapted to grow with legumes, typically Red Clover and our Tug-of-War Alfalfa. Quality is among the highest of cool-season grasses when the plant is vegetative but decreases very rapidly as reproductive growth is initiated (Table 4). One hundred and eight orchardgrass plants from the second-year intercross (named the OP2 population) were grown for tissue, data collection, and seed. If a late-summer seeding is planned, prepare the seedbed 2 to 4 weeks ahead of seeding, if possible. 0000092439 00000 n During the transition phase, leaf sheaths begin to elongate, raising the meristematic collar zone to a grazable height. This growth can be used for pasture, hay, greenchop or silage. Later has a heading date more similar to alfalfa and used in many mixes. <> Early heading stage, typically about mid-May Lowest cutting or grazing height 4 inches Fall management Light grazing or haying possible through October if a 6-inch stubble is left for winter Approximate seed yield 200 to 600 pounds per acre Suitability for wildlife cover Fair JavaScript seems to be disabled in your browser. 2023 Tug Of War SeedsPowered by Shopify, Later Orchardgrass is a perennial, cool-season bunchgrass best suited for fertile, light to medium soils with good drainage, although it can grow on moderately drained soils as well. In the study, 13 orchardgrass varieties were tested across four years at university and USDA research sites in Kentucky, Pennsylvania, Utah, Virginia, and Wisconsin. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. Some varieties were early maturing in one state Potomac in Virginia, but then late maturing in another state Potomac in Pennsylvania. 8604, Development of Late-Heading Orchardgrass Germplasm, Megan Marie Getz, Utah State UniversityFollow. Orchardgrass is found all across the US. Dactylis glomerata, or Orchard Grass, is a cool-season perennial bunching grass that grows up to 6 feet high. The best stands of timothy are obtained when seeds are sown not deeper than inch in a well-prepared, firm seedbed. Use no more than 60% of the annual growth during the winter season or 50% during the growing season. ture. Toyomidori, and PI538922. When soils are extremely low in phosphorus (10 pounds P or less), it is a good practice to apply and incorporate the major portion of recommended phosphorus, then apply some as a starter. Early stand depletion has been one of the major complaints from farmers. 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